A martial art that is characterized by joint-manipulations and submission techniques using leverage, angles, pressure and timing. It is known for its effectiveness against larger opponents and is a non-violent form of self defense. Unlike most other martial arts which focus on striking, jiu jitsu emphasizes close-contact grappling techniques and submission holds, often utilizing joint-locks and chokes.
The art of jujutsu evolved among Japan’s warrior class (bushi, or samurai) in the 17th century. It was designed to complement swordsmanship with unarmed methods of defeating an armed or unarmed opponent. Its curriculum included unarmed fighting techniques of striking, kicking, throwing, pinning and grappling, together with the use of inconspicuous weapons such as the jutte (truncheon, also known as a jitter) or the tanto knife.
Kigoro was a small (5’2” and 90 lb) man who was constantly being beaten up by much larger opponents. He dedicated himself to developing a system of jujutsu that would enable a smaller person to overcome a larger, more aggressive fighter by applying superior technique and positioning. He studied the body’s physiology and even spoke with medical experts in order to gain more insight into how to achieve this.
He began to teach his brothers and soon thereafter was asked to come to Brazil and demonstrate the effectiveness of his new system. He accepted and challenged the top martial artists of his day, including Wladek Zbyszko, a world heavyweight wrestling champion and Kato, a judoka who was ranked #2 in the world at the time and outweighed Helio by over 80 pounds.